We have seen how h-parameter are measured. How about S-parameter?
For 
, we terminate the output port of the network and measure the
ratio 
to 
. Terminating the output port in an impedance equal to the
characteristic impedance of the transmission line, as shown in Figure 8, is equivalent to setting
, since a traveling wave incident on the load will be totally absorbed.
Figure 8: Terminating the output port with 
